Cross of the Mount of Olives The cross References Navigation menu"Prussian Regulations of 24 February 1915 (with amendment 1916)"e

Order of the Black EagleOrder of the Red EagleHouse Order of HohenzollernOrder of the CrownJohanniter OrderOrder of LouisePour le MériteWilhelm-OrdenOrder of Merit of the Prussian CrownLifesaving MedalGeneral Honor DecorationMerit CrossJerusalem CrossCross of the Mount of OlivesRed Cross MedalLadies Merit CrossCross of Merit for Women and Girls


1909 establishments in GermanyOrders, decorations, and medals of Imperial GermanyOrders, decorations, and medals of PrussiaMount of Olives20th century in Jerusalem


GermanPrince Eitel Friedrich of PrussiaAugusta Victoria HospitalMount of OlivesJerusalemAugusta Victoria of Schleswig-HolsteinWilhelm II of GermanyChristianmarksAscension ChurchJerusalem crossJohanniterordenmonogram












Cross of the Mount of Olives
Ölberg-Kreuz

Olijfbergkruis van Pruisen.gif
Cross of the Mount of Olives


CountryPrussia
Statistics
Established24 December 1909
Order of Wear 1916[1]
Next (higher)Jerusalem Cross
Next (lower)1861 Coronation Medal

The Cross of the Mount of Olives (German: Ölberg-Kreuz) was founded on 24 December 1909, by the Prussian Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia as a decoration to commemorate the foundation of a hospital, the Kaiserin Auguste Victoria-Stiftung (literally, "Empress Augusta Victoria Foundation, better known today as Augusta Victoria Hospital) on the Biblical Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. His very devout mother, Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, was fond of charitable works and built several churches.


Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany and his wife, Auguste Victoria, had visited Jerusalem in 1898. They had pledged to build a hospital for Christian pilgrims suffering from malaria.


On 27 January, 1907, the entire imperial family, both parents and all their seven children, signed the charter of the Ölbergstiftung. The foundation stone was laid in that same year.


The Cross of the Mount of Olives was awarded to gentleman and ladies who contributed to the Foundation. The formidable sum of 2.5 million marks was pledged by the German population.


The Augusta Victoria Hospital opened its doors in 1910. The elaborate Protestant Ascension Church (Himmelfahrtkirche), usually subsumed under the hospital's name as "Augusta Victoria", was finished in 1914.



The cross


The badge of the decoration is a red-and-black enamelled "Jerusalem cross", upon which is imposed the white cross of the Johanniterorden, the evangelical noblemen´s society which Prince Eitel Friedrich then headed as grand master (Herrenmeister). The badge is suspended from a monogram of the Empress's initials, "AV". The ribbon is plain white. The deserving were awarded golden or silver-gilt Crosses.



References


Notes


  1. ^ Lundström, Richard. "Prussian Regulations of 24 February 1915 (with amendment 1916)". Guide to German Ribbon Bars 1914-1945. Retrieved 25 May 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em



Publications
  • André Hüsken, Katalog der Orden, Ehrenzeichen und Auszeichnungen des Kurfürstentums Brandenburg, der Markgrafschaften Brandenburg-Ansbach und Brandenburg-Bayreuth, des Königreiches Preußen, der Republik Preußen unter Berücksichtigung des Deutschen Reiches; Hamburg: 2001 (volume 3);
    ISBN 3-89757-138-2.

  • Jörg Nimmergut, Katalog Orden & Ehrenzeichen von 1800 bis 1945; Munich: 2008.







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